Revista Verde de Agroecologia e Desenvolvimento Sustentável

pH adjustment in the production of alcoholic fermented tamarind (Tamarindus indica L.)

2023-10-09T14:50:40-03:00

Tamarind is nutritionally rich and presents attractive sensory aspects for the development of new products, such as alcoholic beverages. However, this fresh fruit has low pH values, which may compromise the effective development of the fermentative microorganism for this type of product. In this sense, this work aimed to develop two types of fermented, FA (without pH adjustment), and FB (with pH adjustment), and analyze the product regarding its physical-chemical characteristics. Fermentation took place in batch reactors with anaerobic development maintained under temperature control at 18°C for 15 days, using the microorganism Saccharomyces cerevisiae. When comparing the fermented products produced, FA and FB, it was observed that both resulted in close alcoholic contents, 5.2%, and 5.0%, respectively, thus meeting the standards set out in legislation, from which it can be concluded that the yeast used is effective in its fermentative activity even when exposed to the acidic stress of the environment.

Agronomic behaviour of strawberry genotypes subjected to different cultivation methods

2023-10-05T09:35:43-03:00

The objective of this work was to evaluate the agronomic performance of two strawberry genotypes submitted to different cultivation technologies in an organic production system. The genotypes tested were CREA FRF LAM 269.19 (short-day) and CREA FRF 114.01(day-neutral). The plants were grown in soil, troughs, slabs and pots. The experimental design was completely randomized in a factorial arrangement. The parameters evaluated were: dates of bloom onset, fructification and harvesting; several plant features; several fruit features; and yield components - total production; number of fruits, commercial production; production of small fruits and; total productivity. The day-neutral genotype allowed earlier onset of harvesting and greater vegetative development. Trough and bed cultivation provided higher fruit yield and quality in both genotypes. In beds, the fruits presented higher soluble solids content in both genotypes. In sum, the day- neutral genotype associated with the cultivation in beds provided the best agronomic performance in an organic cultivation system.

Soil cultivation system of forage palms resistant to carmine cochineal

2023-10-05T09:35:47-03:00

Cactus pear is one of the most cultivated plants in the Brazilian semi-arid region since its implantation. Despite its high adaptability in areas with scarce rainfall, it is vulnerable to diseases and pests, the most important being the carmine cochineal (Dactylopius opuntiae Cockerell) which significantly destroyed palm groves in the northeastern semi-arid region, making it the main stalemate in oil palm cultivation. For this reason, this research aimed to evaluate the performance of forage cactus species Opuntia sp., Opuntia stricta, Nopalea cochenillifera, considered resistant to the referred pest, implanted in a conventional way, comparing them to the new cultivation system over the soil in a period water deficit. The experiment was conducted in the municipality of Jaçanã, Rio Grande do Norte. An experimental design was adopted in randomized blocks, in a factorial scheme with six treatments named Palma baiana conventional cultivation; Bahia palm cultivation system on soil; Conventional cultivation Mexican palm; Mexican palm cultivation system on the ground; Sweet palm conventional cultivation and Sweet palm cultivation system on the ground and duration of 12 months. The results showed that the performance of the varieties during the dry season was similar in both cropping systems, indicating that plant development is more related to their morphology than to the cropping system. The two cultivation systems provide similar performance, but the soil cultivation system is recommendable and innovative due to cost savings and ease of implantation of the crop.

Greenhouse crops of radish under organomineral fertilization sources in the Brazilian semiarid region

2023-10-05T09:35:39-03:00

The cultivation of radish in an organic system has potential for production to such a degree that alternatives of cultivation have been used to improve productivity in relation to fertilization. Therefore, the objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of organomineral fertilization on gas exchange, growth, and production of radish. The experiment was carried in non-climatized greenhouse crop, with a metallic structure in form of arc, covered with 150 mm low-density polyethylene, in greater length-oriented East-Oste direction of Science and Technology Center of Federal University of Campina Grande, using the Crimson Gigante variety. The soil used experiment was fluvic neosol. The experimental design used was the completely randomized with three replications, using the Crimson Gigante variety. Seven treatments were used, which consisted of three doses of cattle manure (37.5; 75.0, and 150g per pot), three concentrations of biofertilizer (5; 10 and 15%), and mineral fertilization. This work analyzed the characteristics of growth, production, and gas exchange. The treatment (5% biofertilizer) provided greater height of the radish plants, however, the (75.0g manure per pot) resulted in a higher number of leaves. The concentration of 10% of the biofertilizer, obtained the largest diameter, fresh and dry matter of the tuberous root. The treatment presented higher fresh and dry matter of the leaves when compared with the other treatments. The use of organic fertilizers promoted greater production in the radish crop and can be used as an alternative to conventional fertilization.

Phytosociological survey of weeds in pitaya production area

2023-10-05T09:35:35-03:00

The pitaya has gained prominence in the exotic fruit market in Brazil, however, several factors limit productivity, among them, the interference caused by weeds. In this context, the identification of weed population dynamics is the first step towards the adoption of integrated management, contributing to efficient and sustainable control, and can be carried out through a phytosociological survey. The objective of this work was to identify and quantify the floristic composition of weeds in a pitaya orchard, in the first year of implementation, in the municipality of Rio Largo, Alagoas, Brazil. Phytosociology was carried out 120 days after planting, using a hollow square 0.50 m wide, the species were collected, identified, counted and placed in an oven at 65 °C. The following indices were calculated: density, relative density, frequency, relative frequency, importance value index, abundance, relative abundance, dry mass, relative dry mass and relative importance index. The community of weeds showed considerable diversity, with 24 species distributed in 12 botanical families, with Poaceae and Asteraceae having the highest occurrences. It was observed that the species Cenchrus echinatus, Ageratum conyzoides, Galinsoga parviflora, Eleusine indica and Eclipta alba had the highest abundance class, index of relative importance value, and should be the main species for control.