Establishment of Urban Mellitophilic Pasture and Multispecies Management of Native Stingless Bees in the Cariri Region of Paraíba

Abstract

The conservation of native stingless bees (meliponines) in urban environments constitutes a relevant strategy to mitigate habitat loss and climate impacts in the Brazilian semi-arid region. This project presents a technical proposal for the implementation of an integrated urban melitophilous pasture in the Cariri region of Paraíba, aimed at the nutritional support and sustainable management of a multi-species group composed of Jandaíra, Uruçu, Canudo, Cupira, Melada, Moça Branca, Jati, and Jataí. The methodology is based on zoning the city flight radius of these species and the planned cultivation of native Caatinga and adapted exotic plants of controlled sizes (small trees, shrubs, climbing plants, and herbs), ensuring a continuous supply of nectar, pollen, and resins throughout the year. The project also integrates solutions for water management, provision of clay for the biological construction of the hives, and artificial emergency feeding protocols for the critical months of severe drought. As expected results, the initiative aims to reduce the internal thermal stress of the colonies through ecological landscaping, stabilize swarm populations during the off-season, and promote awareness among the neighboring community regarding the reduction of household chemical pesticides, consolidating a replicable pilot model for sustainable development and urban biodiversity conservation in the region.