Initial root development of different soybean cultivars for soil-use efficiency
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18378/rvads.v21i1.11715Keywords:
Seedling vigor, Adaptive strategies, Root morphologyAbstract
The initial root development of soybean seedlings determines water and nutritional efficiency, influencing the adaptive strategies and performance of each cultivar. This study aimed to evaluate the initial root architecture of five soybean cultivars. The experimental design adopted was completely randomized, consisting of five cultivars (Ataque, Neo 790, Olimpo, Sparta, and Tormenta), with ten replicates. The experiment was conducted in October 2024, in the Canassa Group greenhouse, in Inhumas, Goias. In each repetition, 50 seeds were sown, totaling 500 per treatment. Only ten central seedlings per repetition were evaluated, resulting in 100 seedlings analyzed per treatment, which were removed from the beds and photographed with a digital camera. The images obtained were analyzed using WinRHIZO 2012 software to evaluate: total root length, root diameter, total root surface area, and root volume. The Olimpo cultivar had the longest root length (49.19 cm), 28.6% longer than the cultivar with the shortest root length (Neo 790, 38.30 cm). Root diameter was highest in Tormenta (1.98 mm), 20.7% greater than the average of the other cultivars. In root volume, Sparta stood out (0.089 cm³), 111.9% higher than the cultivar with the lowest volume (Neo 790, 0.042 cm³). The root surface area was greater in Ataque (48.80 cm²), 28.5% higher than the smallest cultivar (Neo 790, 37.99 cm²). The initial root development of the seedlings shows different adaptive strategies of the cultivars, with the Olimpo and Sparta cultivars exploiting the soil more, and the Tormenta cultivar having thicker roots.
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