In silico evaluation of the pharmacological activities of cinnamic acid and its synthetic derivatives
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18378/rebes.v15i3.11511Abstract
Introduction: Natural products of plant origin have been used therapeutically since ancient times. Cinnamic acid (CA) is a phenolic compound widely distributed in the plant kingdom, exhibiting diverse biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial effects. Due to its structural versatility, CA and its derivatives have attracted significant attention as potential pharmacological agents. Objectives: To evaluate, through in silico approaches, the pharmacological and toxicological profiles, as well as the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) characteristics of CA and five synthetic derivatives. Methods: Pharmacological and toxicological activities were predicted using the PASSonline platform, while ADME-related physicochemical properties were assessed via the SwissADME web server. Results: Virtual screening via PASSonline indicated that the synthetic derivatives of CA display relevant biological potential, particularly antioxidant, cytoprotective, and antitoxic activities. Among them, 3,4-dihydroxycinnamic acid exhibited the highest predicted antioxidant activity. Anticoagulant activity was exclusively associated with cinnamic acid, which also showed potential central nervous system activity. Furthermore, 3,4-dihydroxycinnamic acid emerged as a promising candidate for enzyme inhibition. Physicochemical analysis revealed that all compounds conformed to Lipinski’s Rule of Five, and their topological polar surface area (TPSA) and lipophilicity values fell within optimal ranges for oral bioavailability. Conclusion: These results underscore the utility of in silico predictive tools in the rational identification of drug candidates. The cinnamic acid derivatives investigated demonstrate promising structural frameworks for the development of novel therapeutic agents, particularly 3,4-dihydroxycinnamic acid as a potential enzyme inhibitor and cinnamic acid with possible central nervous system activity.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Pierri Emanoel de Abreu Oliveira, Andrea Fernanda Ramos de Paula, Diana Pontes da Silva, Sarah de Sousa Ferreira, Daniela Priscila Marchi Salvador, Abrahão Alves de Oliveira Filho

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