Cardiovascular diseases: prevention and control of systemic arterial hypertension

Abstract

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are a leading cause of mortality worldwide, and systemic arterial hypertension (SAH) is a significant risk factor for these complications, representing a serious public health problem. The objective was to analyze the importance of SAH control in CVD prevention. This is an integrative review of a qualitative nature, conducted through a bibliographic survey of scientific articles published between 2014 and 2024 in the Virtual Health Library (VHL) databases. The relevance of this study lies in its contribution to expanding knowledge about SAH and its consequences, offering support to health professionals and managers in the formulation of effective public policies aimed at reducing morbidity and mortality from CVD and improving the quality of life of the population. As a result, the reviewed studies reinforce the effectiveness of multidisciplinary strategies, including pharmacological interventions, lifestyle changes, educational actions, and the use of technological tools, such as clinical protocols and remote monitoring, in the management of SAH. Furthermore, including qualified healthcare professionals, especially nurses, emphasizing the importance of their continuous training to ensure adequate treatment, and actively involving the community and family, are crucial factors for the success of preventive actions and the treatment of hypertension. In conclusion, effective control of hypertension is crucial in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases, contributing significantly to the reduction of morbidity and mortality, as well as improving the quality of life of the population.