O Fatores neurotróficos e transtornos de humor: Como esta relação influencia pacientes com depressão e ansiedade?
Neurotrophic factors and mood disorders: How does this relationship influence patients with depression and anxiety?
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18378/rebes.v15i3.11104Keywords:
Major Depressive Disorder, Generalized Anxiety Disorder, Neurotrophic factors, BDNFAbstract
Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) are two of the mental disorders that most affect the world's population, especially after the pandemic. Patients with MDD often present with depressed mood, loss of interest and pleasure; while TAG restlessness, irritability, muscle tension and sleep disturbance. Their pathophysiology is still controversial, and pharmacological treatment is not completely effective. Therefore, the objective of the work is to discuss the role of neurotrophic factors and their changes in these disorders. The methodological strategy was organized based on an integrative review of scientific literature disponible in PubMed, ScienceDirect and LILACS databases, encompassing pre-clinical and clinical studies published between 2018 and 2024. The keywords "major depressive disorder", "generalized anxiety disorder" and "neurotrophic factors" connected by the term “e” were used, in Portuguese, English and/or Spanish. 12 articles were included in the search strategies and the results demonstrated that the decrease in neurotrophic factors, especially brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), are associated with depression and anxiety. However, some studies contradict the neurotrophic theory, finding increased levels of BDNF and GNDF in affected individuals. Based on the discussion, the importance of research on the subject is highlighted, with the aim of better understanding the pathophysiology of MDD and GAD and improving patients' quality of life.
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