Green roofs as an alternative to sustainable buildings

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18378/rvads.v13i5.6197

Keywords:

Sustainable Roof, Cost variation, Thermal comfort, Sustainable buildings.

Abstract

The green roof has been considered as an alternative to mitigate some environmental problems present in urban centers, such as floods, air pollution and noise, and islands of heat. Besides, it can act as thermal insulation in buildings providing thermal comfort and energy saving. However, one of the downsides is its high cost of implementation. This work presents experimental research carried out in Limeira, São Paulo, with the objective of evaluating two aspects of green roofs: its cost of implantation and its performance as thermal insulation in the study region. For the composition of prices, the widely used green roof construction systems were considered, estimated by square meter in specialized companies and as unitary materials in local commerce, presenting value variations of up to 835%. For the thermal performance analysis, three experimental modules (M) were built. The M1 has only a waterproofed concrete slab (control roof), and the other two have extensive green roof systems: M2 using Chlorophytum comosum, and M3 with Hemigrafis alternata. The control of the indoor and outdoor temperature and humidity in the modules was carried out with thermohygrometers (Testo 174 h data logger) in measurements every 10 minutes for 40 days. With this analysis, we verified that the vegetated coverings (M2 and M3) presented the best thermal performance with the maximum temperatures up to 3.4 ° C lower than those of M1 (control). We concluded that, although the implantation cost is still high, the green roof is feasible, because it has environmental benefits and thermal comfort and can lead to a decrease in the consumption of electric energy.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

Ana Julia Frizon, Universidade Estadual de Campinas

Graduanda em Tecnologia de Construção de Edifícios

Pedro Henrique Branco Lázaro, Universidade Estadual de Campinas

Engenheiro Civil e Mestrando em Tecnologia na área de Ambiente.

Eloisa Dezen Kempter, Universidade Estadual de Campinas

Professora doutora da Faculdade de Tecnologia da Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Divisão de Tecnologia em Construção de Edifícios.

Felippe Benavente Canteras, Universidade Estadual de Campinas

Professor doutor da Faculdade de Tecnologia da Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Divisão de Tecnologia em Construção de Edifícios.

References

ABHIJITH, K .V. KUMAR, P. GALLAGHER, J. MCNABOLA, A. BALDAUF, R. PILLA, F. BRODERICK, B. SABATINO, S. D. PULVIRENTI, B. Air pollution abatement performances of green infrastructure in open road and built-up street canyon environments – A review. Atmospheric Environment, v. 162, p. 71-86, 2017. 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2017.05.014.

AFLAKI, A. MIRNEZHAD, M. GHAFFARIANHOSEINI, A. GHAFFARIANHOSEINI, A. OMRANY, H. WANG, Z. AKBARI, H. Urban heat island mitigation strategies: A state-of-the-art review on Kuala Lumpur, Singapore and Hong Kong. Cities, v. 62, p. 131–145, 2017. 10.1016/j.cities.2016.09.003.

BEATRICE, C. C. Avaliação do Potencial de Uso de Três Espécies Vegetais Como Cobertura Leve de Telhado em Edificações. São Carlos, 2011. 125f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciências da Engenharia Ambiental). Escola de Engenharia de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo. 2011.

BESIR, A. B. CUCE, E. Green roofs and facades: A comprehensive review. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, v. 82, p. 915–939, 2018. 10.1016/j.rser.2017.09.106

CARPENTER, C. M. G.; TODOROV, D.; DRISCOLL, C. T.; MONTESDEOCA, M. Water Quantity And Quality Response Of A Green Roof To Storm Events: Experimental And Monitoring Observations. Environmental Pollution. v. 218, p. 664-672, 2016. 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.07.056.

CEPAGRI. Centro de Pesquisas Meteorológicas e Climáticas Aplicadas à Agricultura. Limeira: Temperatura, Tempo e dados climatológicos. Disponível em: https://www.cpa.unicamp.br/outras-informacoes/clima_muni_306.html. Acesso em 18/10/2018.

CIIAGRO. Centro Integrado de Informações Agrometeorológicas. Resenha Agrometeorológica – quadro chuva mensal por período. Disponível em: < http://www.ciiagro.sp.gov.br/ciiagroonline/Quadros/QChuvaPeriodo.asp>. Acesso em 19/10/2018.

EKSI, M.; ROWE, D. B.; WICHMAN, I. S.; ANDRESEN, J. A. Effect of substrate depth, vegetation type, and season on green roof thermal properties. Energy and Buildings. v. 145, p. 174-187, 2017. 10.1016/j.enbuild.2017.04.017

FEITOSA, R. C.; WILKINSON, S. J. Attenuating heat stress through green roof and green wall retrofit. Building and Environment, v. 140, p. 11–22, 2018. 10.1016/j.buildenv.2018.05.034

GAGLIANO, A.; DETOMMASO, M.; NOCERA, F.; EVOLA, GIANPIERO. A multi-criteria methodology for comparing the energy and environmental behavior of cool, green and traditional roofs. Building and Environment, v. 90, p. 71–81, 2015. 10.1016/j.buildenv.2015.02.043.

IBGE, Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística. Canal Cidades: Cidade de Limeira/SP. Disponível em: <https://cidades.ibge.gov.br/brasil/sp/limeira/panorama>. Acesso em: 08/12/2018.

KIM, J. HONG, T. JEONG, J. KOO, C. JEONG, K. An optimization model for selecting the optimal green systems by considering the thermal comfort and energy consumption. Applied Energy 169, p. 682–695, 2016. 10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.02.032.

KUMAR, V. V.; MAHALLE, A. M. Investigation of the thermal performance of green roof on a mild warm climate. International Journal of Renewable Energy Research, v. 6, n. 2, p. 487–493, 2016.

MOGHBEL, M. SALIM, R. E. Environmental benefits of green roofs on microclimate of Tehran with specific focus on air temperature, humidity and CO2 content. Urban Climate, v. 20, p. 46-58, 2017. 10.1016/j.uclim.2017.02.012

MORAIS, C. S. D. Desempenho Térmico de Coberturas Vegetais Em Edificações na Cidade de São Carlos – SP. São Carlos, 2004. 108f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Construção Civil). Centro de Ciências Exatas e de Tecnologia Departamento de Engenharia Civil, Universidade Federal de São Carlos. 2004.

PALLA, A. GNECCO, I. Chapter 3.11 - Green Roofs to Improve Water Management. Nature Based Strategies for Urban and Building Sustainability, p. 203-213, 2018.

PAULA, R. Z. R. A Influência da Vegetação no Conforto Térmico do Ambiente Construído. Campinas. Dissertação (Mestrado em Engenharia Civil). Faculdade de Engenharia Civil, Arquitetura e Urbanismo, Universidade Estadual de Campinas. 2004. 119f.

RAN, J. TANG, M. Effect of Green Roofs Combined with Ventilation on Indoor Cooling and Energy Consumption. Energy Procedia, v. 141, p. 260–266, 2017. 10.1016/j.egypro.2017.11.103.

RENTERGHEM, T. V. Chapter 3.8 – Green Roofs for Acoustic Insulation and Noise Reduction. Nature Based Strategies for Urban and Building Sustainability, p. 167–179, 2018.

SANTOS, D. J. P. Desempenho Térmico de uma Cobertura verde Num Edifício Solar Passsivo. 2012. Dissertação (Mestrado em Engenharia do Ambiente), Departamento de Ambiente e Ordenamento, Universidade de Aveiro, Aveiro, 2012.

SPOSITO, M. E. B. Capitalismo e Urbanização. Contexto. São Paulo: 10, 2000.

SQUIER, M.; DAVIDSON, C. I.; Heat Flux And Seasonal Thermal Performace Of Na Extensive Green Roof. Building and Environment. V. 107, p. 235-244, 2016. 10.1016/j.buildenv.2016.07.025.

TAM, V. W. Y.; WANG, J.; LE, K. N. Thermal Insulation And Cost Effectiveness Of Green-roof Systems: An Empirical Study In Hong Kong. Building and Environment. V. 110, p. 46-54, 2016. 10.1016/j.buildenv.2016.09.032

VIJAYARAGHAVAN, K. Green Roofs: A Critical Review On The Role Of Components, Benefits, Limitations And Trends. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. v. 57, p. 740 – 752, 2016. 10.1016/j.rser.2015.12.119

WEATHERS PARK, Limeira-SP. Disponível em: <https://pt.weatherspark.com/y/30187/Clima-caracter%C3%ADstico-em-Limeira-Brasil-durante-o-ano#Sections-Precipitation>. Acesso em: 08/12/2018.

ZHANG, Z. SZOTA, C. FLETCHER, T. D. WILLIAMS, N. S. G. WERDIN, J. FARRELL, C. Influence of plant composition and water use strategies on green roof storm water retention. Science of the Total Environment, v. 625 p. 775–781, 2018. 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.12.231.

Published

01-12-2018

How to Cite

FRIZON, A. J.; LÁZARO, P. H. B.; KEMPTER, E. D.; CANTERAS, F. B. Green roofs as an alternative to sustainable buildings. Revista Verde de Agroecologia e Desenvolvimento Sustentável, [S. l.], v. 13, n. 5, p. 620–629, 2018. DOI: 10.18378/rvads.v13i5.6197. Disponível em: https://www.gvaa.com.br/revista/index.php/RVADS/article/view/6197. Acesso em: 6 dec. 2024.

Issue

Section

XV Congresso Nacional de Meio Ambiente