A multidimensional approach to TMD and postural alignment: a comprehensive Analysis

Abstract

The temporomandibular dysfunction (TMD) and postural problems represent significant public health challenges, compromising the quality of life of millions of people. This condition affects the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), causing pain and limited movement, while postural issues, often linked to inadequate habits and a sedentary lifestyle, also negatively impact well-being. Studies indicate a bidirectional relationship between these conditions: one can exacerbate the other, creating a cycle of pain and discomfort that impairs functionality and posture. This study investigated the interrelation between these conditions, considering their high prevalence and impact on health. The integrative review was based on articles published between 2014 and 2024, in Portuguese and English, addressing topics related to TMD, posture, and biopsychosocial factors. The results reveal a correlation between the severity of the dysfunction and postural alterations, particularly in the cervical spine and pelvic alignment. Additionally, factors such as stress and anxiety contribute to pain and reduced functionality, while regular physical activity has proven effective in reducing muscle tension and alleviating symptoms. Integrated interventions, including physiotherapy, psychological support, and exercises for muscle strengthening and stretching, are recommended to improve posture and reduce related symptoms. A multidisciplinary approach is essential to effectively address the relationship between these conditions.

ABSTRACT

The temporomandibular dysfunction (TMD) and postural problems represent significant public health challenges, compromising the quality of life of millions of people. This condition affects the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), causing pain and limited movement, while postural issues, often linked to inadequate habits and a sedentary lifestyle, also negatively impact well-being. Studies indicate a bidirectional relationship between these conditions: one can exacerbate the other, creating a cycle of pain and discomfort that impairs functionality and posture. This study investigated the interrelation between these conditions, considering their high prevalence and impact on health. The integrative review was based on articles published between 2014 and 2024, in Portuguese and English, addressing topics related to TMD, posture, and biopsychosocial factors. The results reveal a correlation between the severity of the dysfunction and postural alterations, particularly in the cervical spine and pelvic alignment. Additionally, factors such as stress and anxiety contribute to pain and

reduced functionality, while regular physical activity has proven effective in reducing muscle tension and alleviating symptoms. Integrated interventions, including physiotherapy, psychological support, and exercises for muscle strengthening and stretching, are recommended to improve posture and reduce related symptoms. A multidisciplinary approach is essential to effectively address the relationship between these conditions.

Keywords:  Temporomandibular dysfunction. Orofacial pain. Physiotherapy. Dentistry.