Recursos fisioterapêuticos utilizados no tratamento do linfedema pós-mastectomia em mulheres com câncer de mama

Abstract

Introduction: The overload of modern life has contributed to an increase in risk factors associated with female breast cancer. Within its range of treatments, this may require surgical intervention, a process that can generate significant postoperative complications, such as lymphedema, a condition that compromises function and quality of life. Physical therapy plays an essential role in the rehabilitation of these patients, using resources aimed at reducing edema and restoring functionality. Objective: To investigate the physical therapy resources used in the treatment of post-mastectomy lymphedema in women with breast cancer. Methodology: This is a qualitative, exploratory, and basic study conducted through a literature review in the PEDro and PubMed databases, including articles published between 2015 and 2025, using the descriptors Lymphedema, Physiotherapy, Breast Cancer, and Mastectomy. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied, resulting in five eligible studies. Results: There was a wide use of Complete Decongestive Therapy (CDT), associated with corrective exercises, home programs, and complementary techniques such as virtual reality, proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation, Kinesio Taping, and hydrotherapy. CDT proved effective in reducing limb volume, pain, and improving quality of life. Resources such as virtual reality and PNF enhanced functional gains, while Kinesio Taping appeared as a viable alternative to traditional compression, offering greater comfort and adherence. Conclusion: The integration of active methods and interactive technologies into CDT proved promising, favoring more lasting and individualized results. The diversity of physical therapy approaches reinforces the importance of therapeutic personalization and early and continuous physical therapy intervention in the control of post-mastectomy lymphedema.