Analysis of Symmetry in Rhomboid Flaps: Comparison of Angles between Standardized Method and Freehand Technique

Abstract

Introduction: The rhomboid flap is used for the removal of tumors, cysts, and scar correction. The precision of its execution depends on the technique employed. Systematizing the process can reduce errors and improve outcomes. Objective: To comparatively analyze the final symmetry of flaps produced by students using a freehand approach (Group 1) and a standardized technique (Group 2) and those using a Methods: This is an observational and quantitative study conducted at Universidade Positivo, Curitiba-PR, with fourth-year medical students. They were divided into two groups (1 and 2) of 20 students each. The procedure was performed on pig limbs. Symmetry evaluation was based on angles calculated using a computer program. Data analysis utilized descriptive statistics. Results: For Group 1 students, the average angles were: A = 76°, B = 107°, C = 77°, and D = 104°. Symmetry between opposite angles showed that 10% had differences greater than 15°. Between angles B and D, 30% showed differences greater than 15°. In Group 2, the average angles were: A = 66°, B = 114°, C = 68°, and D = 115°. Symmetry between opposite angles in the standardized method group showed that only 5% had differences greater than 15°. Between angles B and D, no student showed differences greater than 15°. Discussion: The standardized technique resulted in angles closer to ideal values with reduced variation, indicating greater precision and consistency compared to the freehand technique. Conclusion: A structured protocol is essential for improving the flap and ensuring consistent results.